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Compaction refers to the mechanical technique used to increase the density of soil prior to the construction of a building. If this is not carried out properly settlement of the underlying soils can cause potentially significant structural failure. This can lead to unnecessary, and costly, post-construction maintenance. Compacting is done by a variety of heavy machinery, typically a variety of drum rollers, which come in a range of weight specifications. This method is referred to as static force, and relies solely on the inherent weight of the machinery for compaction. Hand operated rammers and vibrating plates are also used, which are especially effective at penetrating deep into the soil substrate.
Compaction is necessary to:
A building contractor will need to know the soil type before construction begins. This is because each soil type behaves uniquely in terms of load bearing capacity. Cohesive soils, such as clays are dense and become plastic when wet, and very hard when they dry out. Sands and gravels are termed granular soils and drain moisture very efficiently, though they will offer very little stability when dry.
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